European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Reference Style

MLA Reference Style Guidelines

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy®

ISSN (Online): 2385-409X

 

Authors submitting to the European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy® are required to follow the Modern Language Association (MLA) 9th Edition citation format for all references. Below are the key guidelines and examples for referencing different types of sources.

General Formatting Rules

  • Use hanging indent for each reference entry (second and subsequent lines are indented).

  • Alphabetize entries by the author’s last name.

  • List up to two authors; for three or more, use the first author’s name followed by et al.

  • Use sentence-style capitalization (capitalize only the first word and proper nouns).

  • Italicize titles of books, journals, and websites.

  • Use quotation marks for article or chapter titles.

1. Journal Article

Format:

Author(s). “Title of the Article.” Title of the Journal, vol. number, no. number, year, pp. page range. DOI or URL (if available).

Example:Singh, Amandeep, and Priya Kaur. “Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes in Diabetic Patients with Polypharmacy.” European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, vol. 14, no. 2, 2025, pp. 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1234/ejcp.2025.01402

2. Book

Format:Author(s). Title of the Book. Publisher, year.

Example: Katzung, Bertram G. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. McGraw-Hill Education, 2021.

3. Chapter in an Edited Book

Format: Author(s). “Title of the Chapter.” Title of the Book, edited by Editor(s), Publisher, year, pp. page range.

Example: Williams, James R. “Clinical Pharmacy and Drug Interactions.” Handbook of Clinical Practice, edited by Sarah Thompson and Rajeev Mehta, Springer, 2020, pp. 85–102.

4. Website

Format: Author(s) or Organization. “Title of the Web Page.” Website Name, Publisher (if different from site name), publication date, URL. Accessed date.

Example: World Health Organization. “Clinical Guidelines for Medication Safety.” WHO, 10 Jan. 2024, https://www.who.int/medicationsafety. Accessed 15 May 2025.

5. Conference Paper

Format: Author(s). “Title of the Paper.” Title of the Conference Proceedings, edited by Editor(s), Publisher, year, pp. page range.

Example: Gupta, Rishi. “Advances in Pharmacoeconomics for Rare Diseases.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Clinical Pharmacy, edited by N. Das and M. Noor, Elsevier, 2023, pp. 45–52.

6. Thesis or Dissertation

Format: Author. Title of the Thesis. Year. Name of University, Type of Thesis.

Example: Sharma, Kavita. Impact of Pharmacotherapy Adherence on Hypertension Management. 2022. University of Delhi, PhD dissertation.

In-Text Citations

Use parenthetical citations with the author’s last name and page number:

  • (Katzung 214)

  • (Gupta 48)

For works with no page number, use only the author’s name:

  • (World Health Organization)

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